马斯洛需要层次论理念的应用对消化内镜诊疗患者依从性及满意度的影响

目的探讨马斯洛需要层次论理念的应用对消化内镜诊疗患者治疗依从性及满意度的影响。 方法选取2018年1月至2019年5月徐州医科大学附属淮安医院行消化内镜诊疗患者96例，按照随机数字表法分成对照组(48例)和观察组(48例)。对照组患者予以实施常规护理干预，观察组患者则在予以常规护理的基础上结合应用马斯洛需要层次论理念实施护理干预。干预后比较两组患者的护理满意度、心理状态、治疗依从性及不良反应发生发生情况。 结果观察组患者的护理满意度(85.42%)显著高于对照组(62.50%)(P<0.05)；观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分显著高于对照组患者(P<0.05)；观察组患者的治疗依从性与积极性均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)；观察组患者的不良反应发生率(4.17%)显著低于对照组(18.75%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论在消化内镜诊疗中应用马斯洛需要层次论理念对患者进行护理干预，能够显著提高患者的治疗依从性及护理满意度，减少不良反应的发生，在消化内镜诊疗患者的护理管理中具有显著优势，值得临床上广泛推广。     

1990年至2017年中国人群石棉肺的疾病负担分析

目的 分析1990—2017年中国人群石棉肺的疾病负担水平及其变化趋势。方法 利用全球疾病负担2017年（GBD 2017）研究结果和数据，分析1990—2017年中国人群石棉肺的疾病负担状况并与全球人群进行比较。按年份、年龄、性别分析中国人群石棉肺的发病数、死亡数、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）、过早死亡损失寿命年（YLL）、伤残损失寿命年（YLD）；同时采用2000—2025年世界人口的平均年龄结构作为标准人口计算中国和全球人群石棉肺的标化发病率、标化死亡率、标化DALY率、标化YLL率、标化YLD率。计算2017年与1990年的变化幅度，分析疾病负担指标的变化。结果 2017年中国人群因石棉肺造成的DALY为9 984人年，占中国人群因尘肺病造成DALY（247 619人年）的4.03%，占中国总DALY（371 485 307人年）的0.0027%，在293种疾病中排名第262位，较1990年（269位）上升了7位；占全球人群因石棉肺造成DALY（69 074人年）的14.45%，在195个国家和地区中排名第1位。2017年中国人群石棉肺的发病数、死亡数、DALY分别为1 942例、285例、9 984人年，较1990年分别增长85.5%、46.9%、26.2%，增幅均低于全球水平；2017年的标化发病率、死亡率、DALY率分别为0.100/10万、0.016/10万、0.524/10万，分别较1990年下降6.8%、33.5%、34.3%，降幅均高于全球水平。中国人群石棉肺的发病数、死亡数、≥40岁DALY进入高发状态，分别为1 839例（占94.7%）、269例（占94.5%）、8 919人年（占89.3%）；2017年发病年龄和死亡年龄的中位数分别为63.6岁、70.1岁，较1990年分别延长9.4岁、6.4岁。结论 石棉肺对中国人群引起的疾病负担相对较轻，但占全球人群石棉肺疾病负担较大比重，应综合考虑过去我国石棉生产和使用量大、石棉肺潜伏期长等特征，持续关注石棉肺等相关疾病的健康风险和疾病负担。     

Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to THP-1 macrophages: interactions with saturated or unsaturated free fatty acids

In a biological microenvironment, free fatty acids (FFA) as ubiquitous biological molecules might interact with nanoparticles (NPs) and consequently change the toxicological responses. However, whether the chemical structures of FFA could influence their interactions with NPs remain unknown. This study investigated the interactions between ZnO NPs and saturated or unsaturated FFA (complexed to BSA), namely stearic acid (SA, C18:0), oleic acid (OA, C18:1), and α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3). It was shown that BSA, SA, OA, and ALA increased the atomic force microscope (AFM) heights as well the polydispersity index (PDI) of ZnO NPs. BSA modestly protected THP-1 macrophages from ZnO NP exposure, whereas OA and ALA led to relatively less cyto-protective effects of BSA. Moreover, only co-exposure to ZnO NPs and SA significantly promoted the release of interleukin-8. BSA, SA, OA, and ALA equally changed intracellular ROS and Zn ions associated with ZnO exposure, but co-exposure to ZnO NPs and OA/ALA particularly activated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-apoptosis genes. In combination, these results showed that FFA could influence the colloidal aspects and toxicological signaling pathway of ZnO NPs, which is dependent on the number of unsaturated bonds of FFA.     

电针深刺八髎穴治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床观察

目的:评价电针深刺八髎穴治疗压力性尿失禁的疗效.方法:将60例压力性尿失禁的女性患者按就诊先后顺序分为两组,每组30例.对照组给予盆底肌训练,治疗组给予电针深刺八髎穴(上髎、次髎、中髎和下髎).结果:治疗组总有效率为93.3%,对照组为33.3%,治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后,两组国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表(ICIQ-SF)评分及漏尿量均低于治疗前(均P<0.05),治疗组ICIQ-SF评分及漏尿量均低于对照组(均P<0.05).结论:长针深刺八髎穴能改善压力性尿失禁女性临床症状,疗效优于盆底肌训练.     

疏肝化瘀益气法对肝纤维化大鼠HIF-1α、VEGF表达的影响

目的研究疏肝化瘀益气法干预肝纤维化大鼠模型过程中,对大鼠肝脏组织HIF-1α、VEGF表达的影响。方法采用无菌猪血清诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。随机分为3组。空白组、模型组给予生理盐水灌胃;软肝散干预组自造模开始即给予软肝散生药水煎剂灌胃。采用HE染色和Masson染色观察肝组织纤维化程度,RT-PCR、Western bolt检测肝组织中HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白的表达情况。结果与模型组相比,软肝散干预组肝组织中HIF-1α、VEGF表达显著下调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。且随着干预给药时间的延长,其表达量逐渐降低。结论以疏肝化瘀益气法为指导的软肝散可以改善肝纤维化的病理改变,通过下调HIF-1α、VEGF表达,抑制HIF-1α、VEGF的过表达,调控HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路抑制肝组织纤维化进程,从而发挥抗纤维化的作用。     

Unique genomic profiles obtained from cerebrospinal fluid cell-free DNA of non-small cell lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastases

Background: Leptomeningeal metastases (LM), associated with poor prognosis, are frequent complications of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, especially in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Due to limited access to leptomeningeal lesions, the mutational landscape of LM has not been comprehensively investigated in large cohorts and the underlining biology of LM remains elusive. Some studies have explored the potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in reflecting the molecular profile of LM but with limited number of patients enrolled.

Methods: In this study, we performed capture-based targeted sequencing using a panel consisting of 168 lung cancer-related genes on matched CSF and plasma samples from 72 advanced NSCLC patients with confirmed LM to interrogate the potential of CSF as a source of liquid biopsy.

Results: We revealed a rate of detection of 81.5% and 62.5% for CSF and plasma, respectively (p = 0.008). The maximum allelic fraction (MaxAF) was also significantly higher in CSF (43.6% vs. 4.6%) (p < 0.001). CSF, harboring a unique genomic profile by having a significant number of CSF-specific mutations, primarily copy number variations, is superior to plasma in reflecting the mutational profile of LM. Further pathway enrichment analysis revealed that most of CSF-specific mutations participated in pathways relevant to the tumorigenesis and the development of metastases. Moreover, our data also revealed that TP53 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) predominantly existed in CSF (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Collectively, we demonstrated that CSF provides a more comprehensive profile of LM than plasma in a large cohort, thus can be used as an alternative source of liquid biopsy for LM patients.     

放射增敏剂IPdR的作用机制及研究进展

目的： 对放射增敏剂5-碘-2-嘧啶酮-2''脱氧核糖（IPdR）进行综述，为放射增敏剂提供研发思路及参考。方法： 通过查阅国内外相关文献，分析IPdR理化性质、作用机理及其作为放射增敏剂的优势，总结IPdR的药效和毒理学研究结果以及Ⅰ期临床的最新进展，对Ⅱ期临床试验的开展及安全评估方案进行展望。结果与结论： IPdR作为IUdR（5-碘-2''去氧尿苷）的前体化合物，是一种卤代核苷类似物，可通过口服进入人体。血液中的IPdR在醛氧化酶的作用下，逐渐转化为能够发挥药效的IUdR，进而与肿瘤细胞的DNA结合，提高了病灶组织的放射敏感性，从而发挥药效。根据前期药效和毒理学数据发现，IPdR作为放射增敏剂效果良好，具有可口服、毒性较低的特点。目前该药物已经完成I期临床，即将开展Ⅱ临床试验，有望成为一种新型的口服放射增敏药物。     

Predictors for Survival and Distribution of 21-Gene Recurrence Score in Patients With Pure Mucinous Breast Cancer: A SEER Population-Based Retrospective Analysis

Background

Pure mucinous breast cancer (PMBC) is a rare pathologic type of breast cancer, the prognostic factors of which have not been clearly defined. This study aimed to analyze the prognostic markers and distribution of 21-gene recurrence score (RS) in patients with PMBC.

复发性肝癌再次手术方式的选择:一项基于倾向评分匹配的研究

目的本研究基于倾向评分匹配(PSM)比较挽救性肝移植(sLT)及再次肝切除(RR)的疗效,同时探讨影响复发性肝癌患者预后的危险因素。方法回顾分析2012年1月至2018年8月宁波大学附属李惠利医院124例肝癌切除术后肝内复发再手术的患者,按照再次所行手术方式的不同,分成sLT组(46例)和RR组(78例),通过1∶1倾向评分匹配(PSM),筛选出34例患者用于数据分析,比较匹配前后两组的临床基本资料、总生存期(OS)及无瘤生存期(DFS)来探讨两种手术方式的优劣以及影响患者预后的因素。结果匹配前sLT组的术前血清总胆红素、多发肿瘤的比例、术前行经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)的比例及符合米兰标准的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05),最大肿瘤直径sLT组要小于RR组(P<0.05);手术时间、术中出血量、微血管侵犯(MVI)阳性率及术后ClavienⅢ级以上的并发症的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05)。匹配后sLT组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症ClavienⅢ以上的比例均高于RR组(P<0.05);sLT组的1、3、5年OS与RR组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),sLT组的1、3、5年DFS与RR组相比较优(P<0.05);甲胎蛋白(AFP)≥100μg/L是OS的独立危险因素,手术方式、AFP≥100μg/L是DFS的独立危险因素。结论sLT组术前病情更重,手术时间、术中出血量及术后严重并发症率高于RR组;sLT组较RR组可取得更长的DFS,但对OS来说,两组之间差异无统计学意义。     

Aging attenuates the ovarian circadian rhythm

ObjectiveTo study the effect of aging on ovarian circadian rhythm.DesignHuman and animal study.SettingUniversity hospital and research laboratory.Patients/animalsHuman granulosa cells were obtained by follicular aspiration from women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ovarian and liver tissues were obtained from female C57BL/6 mice.Intervention(s)None.Main outcome measure(s)Expression of circadian genes in young and older human granulosa cells and circadian rhythm in ovaries and livers of young and older mice.Result(s)All examined circadian clock genes in human granulosa cells showed a downward trend in expression with aging, and their mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with age (P < 0.05). Older patients (≥ 40 years of age) had significantly reduced serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Except for Rev-erbα, all other examined circadian clock genes were positively correlated with the level of AMH (P < 0.05). The circadian rhythm in the ovaries of older mice (8 months) was changed significantly relative to that in ovaries of young mice (12 weeks), although the circadian rhythm in the livers of older mice was basically consistent with that of young mice.Conclusion(s)Lower ovarian reserve in older women is partially due to ovarian circadian dysrhythmia as a result of aging.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10815-020-01943-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.